Why is it hard to integrate renewable energy into the electricity grid?

Power grid operators and utilities need to balance supply and demand in real-time. Too much or too little electricity can result in unforeseen voltage fluctuations and service disruptions. On the other hand, renewable sources may also be underutilized. For example, it may be windier at night, when demand is lowest.

Simay Akar IEEE Senior Member, IEEE Industry Applications Society, IEEE Power and Energy Society

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